ABSTRACT
A collection of codes exists to govern its design and operation across a wide spectrum of onshore and offshore applications. These codes include various standards, specifications, recommended practices and guidelines that have been developed by industrial, national and international committees of experts. The conservatism in the codes usually results in anode provisions that will outlast the intended design life. This conservatism is easily justified. It is relatively cheap to install the anodes on a structure while it is being assembled on dry land, but very costly to retrofit anodes once it has been deployed offshore. In response, the codes have cautiously evolved towards less dramatic predictions. Nevertheless, they all remain conservative, in keeping with their overall ethos. Codes are subject to a continuing revision process which reacts to changes in industry practice, and evolution and refinement of the design parameters.
