ABSTRACT
Scientists in a number of areas, from nuclear medicine to inorganic chemistry, have focused their attention on phosphorus. In the presence of large number of allotropes, phosphorus is working as an outstanding reference device. Van der Waals interactions bind covalent structure subjects ranging from low-dimensional molecular (0D, white P) and polymer structures (1D, P nanorods) to layered (2D, black P) and tubular structures (2D and 3D, crystalline forms of red P). Finding novel synthetic strategies and exploring existing and new allotropes is still a challenge, particularly in the field of solid-state chemistry. This chapter brings together the different types of phosphorus allotropes based on their structural properties, such as stability, and accessibility to environmentally sustainable approaches is briefly discussed.
