ABSTRACT
This chapter highlights the main milestones, physical essence, and bibliography including classical point of view on the theory. The turbulence world is around us – in nature, in technology, in life. Turbulent motions are very common in nature: in the oceans, in the atmosphere, in rivers, even in stars and galaxies. Most turbulence phenomena, observed in nature, still require theoretical explanation and/or proper interpretation. Turbulence is a subject of continuous and extensive study in physics, mathematics, technology, and engineering. As a scientific term, “turbulence” is used to describe certain complex and irregular motions of a fluid, gas, and plasma, both in nature and in technical devices. This definition, however, is far from being perfect; it expresses just our perception of this mysterious phenomenon in natural science, from antiquity to present days. Turbulence also plays an important role in aeronautics and combustion, astrophysics, acoustics, medicine, the chemical industry, hydraulics, and many other fields of natural science and engineering.
