ABSTRACT
This chapter explores how many states in the Middle Ages copied the Byzantine canons in reproducing the face of Christ, and how the Christian creed was spread in the world. It considers many of the world’s medieval coins showing the face of Christ. Many coins in the Middle Ages showing the effigy of Christ are grouped in the following sub-sections according to their geographical area: Anglo-Saxon sceattas, North-European coins, Coins of the Republic of Venice, West Balkan coins, Russian coins, and Arab-Anatolian coins. The Maritime Republic of Venice kept tight commercial relations with Constantinople for a long time, and consequently, it acquired its styles and habits. The engraved image is in accord with the Byzantine canons which show the rotated right foot, but the face becomes more symmetrical and round. A relatively great number of different coins have been found in the Arab-Anatolian area showing an image of Christ derived from both the Byzantine canons and the Shroud.
