ABSTRACT
This chapter encompasses all topics related to space, starting from spatial reference systems, , followed by coordinate conversion and a comprehensive overview of the properties of spatial entities. In particular, this chapter emphasises the influences of the properties of spatial entities on their sensible analysis. The chapter then elaborates on a variety of parameters by which space is quantified and compared, as they will be mentioned frequently in later chapters. The chapter then discusses how two-dimensional space is commonly partitioned, how spatial entities can be spatially amalgamated, and how the scale of amalgamation affects the analytical outcome,. Separately treated in this chapter are the topics of spatial tessellation and how different ways of spatial tessellation can be best performed to fulfil diverse needs. Finally, this chapter introduces four major statistical and accuracy measures critical to assessing the quality of spatial data and the accuracy of spatial analytical results.
