ABSTRACT
Foods are divided into many types according to their origin, their nature and their obtention mode. The main food types include wild foods, natural foods, organic foods, processed foods or industrial foods, genetically modified foods or transgenic foods, and different beverages such as soft drinks, energy drinks, fruit juices, alcoholic drinks, milk-like drinks, and alkaline water. Some new food types such as alkaline diet, functional foods, fortified foods, and nano-foods are also explained and commented upon.
Different food preparation types such as raw food cooking, heat cooking, eating at home, fast foods, and packaged foods, are also developed and discussed.
Dietary supplements and nutraceuticals are products obtained from extraction of natural foods, from artificial chemical synthesis, or biosynthesis. Dietary supplements and nutraceuticals such as vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and so on are designed to supplement the human diet. They are presented in drug forms such as tablets, soft gels, liquid, and powder, and are used orally. The regulations for dietary supplements are different and less strict than those for prescription or over-the-counter drugs. However, unlike drugs and foods, they are not generally recognized as safe. Different benefits and risks of dietary supplements, their selection and their chemical structures are also developed and commented.
