ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the authors cover experiments, especially constructing treatment and control groups, and appropriately considering their results. They discuss some aspects of ethical behavior in experiments through reference to the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and the Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation experiment and go through various case studies. Finally, the authors turn to A/B testing, which is extensively used in industry, and consider a case study based on Upworthy data. In the United States, unlike many developed countries, basic health insurance is not necessarily available to all residents, even those on low incomes. The Oregon Health Insurance Experiment involved low-income adults in Oregon, a state in the northwest of the United States, from 2008 to 2010. The past two decades have probably seen the most experiments ever run, likely by several orders of magnitude. This is because of the extensive use of A/B testing at tech firms.
