ABSTRACT
Evolution is purported to be due to random mutations, which precludes the possibility of testing such a mechanism, leaving only correlations and associations, which are not causal. Some comparable causal process that could be exploited in order to deconvolute evolution would be helpful. Topology is the mathematical expression for how geometric objects are able to maintain themselves under continuous deformations. In turn, Knot Theory is the study of mathematical knots, inspired by the knots that occur in everyday life. Since knots tie things together, they are conceptually comparable with the cell-cell signaling mechanisms that tie physiologic traits together during development, like the mesenchymal-epithelial interconnections that form phenotypic structure and function in various organs. Such interactions terminate in physiologic homeostasis.
