ABSTRACT
A vast variety of vehicle routing problems are available in the city logistics-related literature. Chapter 4 introduces a set of vehicle routing models with the focus on the type of their data input such as deterministic vs dynamic or stochastic, types of objective functions such as economic or environmental cost minimisation, and integration of facility location component, etc. These models are not only important from the optimisation point of view but they also form the basis of evaluations of various city logistics schemes.
