Given the rapid increase in the numbers of articles and journals, clinicians often turn to meta-analyses, abstracts, summaries of the outcomes, and conclusions in order to get a quick overview of the research and its clinical impact. That being the case, an accurate description of outcomes is vital to rational prescribing, clinical care and the health care system. This chapter will explore the ways in which investigators can distort the outcomes and conclusions of their research, including incomplete reporting of adverse events, spinning the results, and unacknowledged deviations from the study protocols. This chapter will also explore what some have seen as an increased rate of retractions, and the implications for both clinical care and our trust in science.