ABSTRACT
Chapter 7 defines tree and savanna and lists characteristics of savanna and forests, while also comparing savanna to characteristics of grassland. A “closed canopy” is explicitly defined as what distinguishes a forest from a savanna. Example animals of each biome are provided. Conservation problems are described for both biomes at a global level, giving special attention to the effects on climate change for loss of tree resources. For savanna, the Cerredo of S. America and savannas of Africa and Australia are featured. N. American savanna is described including Ponderosa Pine of western U.S. states. Several categories of forest are described worldwide, beginning with temperate deciduous forest within the eastern U.S., western Europe, and Japan. Stratification of forest and seasonal wildflower cycles are described. Types of temperate broadleaf forest are described, followed by types of temperate coniferous forest, followed by types of tropical forest and their conservation issues.
