ABSTRACT
Intensification of transport phenomena and chemical reactions through various measures is illustrated with examples. Heat transfer enhancement by surface roughening, flow disruptions, channel curvature, secondary flows, fluid additives, vibration, electrostatic fields, flow pulsation, etc., are described briefly. Heat transfer augmentation by acoustic fields is dealt with in more detail by considering the case of water stored in an insulated cylindrical container. Mass transfer enhancement (in the absence of chemical reactions) is illustrated by taking the cases of dying of leather and textiles, and removal of dyes from the effluent stream. Reaction rate enhancement is depicted via the application of ultrasound for the destruction of contaminants in wastewater treatment. Enhancement of mass transfer in the presence of chemical reaction is presented primarily by means of the case of removal of impurities (such as ash, sulfur, and alkalis) from coal prior to combustion in a power plant.
