ABSTRACT
This chapter explores what digitalization involves, what meanings it holds, and how digitalization forms society and the individual. The user perspectives provide us with information needed to understand digitalization as it describes the technology in practice, and critical thinking refers to the required nuanced perspectives on the relationship between technology and society. Black boxes are characterized by knowing the "before" and "after" but not the "during". As digitalization takes place at many different levels, in different arenas, and with different actors, the case studies showcase how digitalization isn't a linear process nor a phenomenon that can be easily summarized. Everyone should be able to undertake a critical assessment of digitalization processes irrespective of discipline since digitalization is ubiquitous and occurs in all arenas.
