ABSTRACT
An understanding of cardiac anatomy and physiology is essential for the performance of echocardiography. The heart consists of four chambers (left and right atria, and left and right ventricles) and four valves (aortic, mitral, pulmonary and tricuspid). This chapter describes the key anatomical features of each chamber and valve, and also the anatomy of the coronary arteries and the pericardium. The sequence of events that comprise the cardiac cycle are also discussed.
