ABSTRACT
This chapter presents a basic introduction to systems engineering in general, with a specific focus on applications to Industry 4.0. A system is represented as consisting of multiple parts, all working together for a common purpose or goal. Systems can be small or large, simple or complex. Small devices can also be considered systems. Systems have inputs, processes, and outputs. Systems are usually explained using a model for a visual clarification inputs, process, and outputs. A model helps to illustrate the major elements and their inter-relationships. Systems 4.0 leverages the emergence of new technological assets, particularly intelligent software tools and smart hardware assets.
