ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a 3-layer model and elastic solutions to capture the nonlinear response of rigid, passive piles in sliding soil. It provides a thorough analysis of the factors that affect pile response under passive loading, including the reduction factor of on-pile force from active to passive loading, subgrade modulus, modulus ratio at design and ultimate state, and rotational stiffness of free head through capped head. The model also well accounts for envelope response of pile at a series of sliding depth and movement profiles. Moreover, this chapter outlines the process for deducing input parameters from test data and offers example simulations of free-head and capped piles, as well as embankment piles. The salient features of this model include its ability to accommodate rotational restraint and underlying stiff layers, as well as accurately predict pile response under both static embankment loading and lateral spreading.
