ABSTRACT
In the last decade, we have witnessed exponential advances in analytic techniques coupled with enhanced computational capability and processing speed. This has led to very exciting and innovative advances in artificial intelligence (AI); such as Chatbots, ChatGPT and Generative AI. Contemporaneously, and perhaps as a result of concerns and weaknesses in many AI initiatives, we have also witnessed the rise of two key domains in AI, notably Responsible AI and Explainable AI. The myriad of developments in AI are both exciting and challenging but when we apply these advances to healthcare delivery, we certainly begin to walk “the road less travelled”. We have huge potential in applying advances in AI to healthcare delivery to address challenges around better access, providing simultaneously more precise and personalised decisions and ultimately better clinical decisions and outcomes. However, we are also confronted with major ethical and even moral dilemmas, and at times regulations, guidelines and laws have not caught up. This chapter serves to outline many of the possibilities as well as provide cautions around how best to apply these emerging technologies and capabilities so that healthcare can continue to “do no harm”.
