ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the structure of the uriniferous tubule as the structural and functional unit of the kidney and its components, the nephron and the collecting duct system, emphasising the structures that are part of the renal filtration system. The histological structure of the urinary tract of excretion from the renal pelvis to the urethra is described. Subsequently, the differences between the urinary system of birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish with that of mammals are highlighted. The clinical correlates indicate some of the main processes that affect the urinary system in all the species described.
