ABSTRACT
This chapter concerns the description of a model of technology and of various models of technology innovation that may be integrated in a general model with the description of its structures and processes. The model of technology is based on the definition of a technological space, a technological landscape, a space of technologies having the same purpose, and a technology ecosystem based on a universal set of all used technological operations. Technology innovation is defined as a change of the structure of a preexistent technology. Such change occurs in structures organizing fluxes of knowledge and capitals that are: the industrial R&D projects system, the startup-venture capital system and the industrial platform system. The main technological processes concern the effects of externalities or intranalities influencing the technology, and a ramification process in the space of technologies started by an initial radical technology, generating improvements or diversification of the technology. Furthermore, the technology innovation process may be considered consisting of three phases: the generation of an innovative idea, its development forming a new technology and the use of technology with improvements and even generation of new technologies.
