ABSTRACT
A transmissive liquid crystal display (LCD) modulates the transmittance of the light from a backlight unit. A reflective LCD modulates the reflectance of ambient light. In contrast, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display converts electric current to visible light at each pixel. Inorganic LEDs are applied for outdoor displays as well as large indoor displays. Common goals for developing displays are high contrast ratio, large color gamut, and low power consumption. In addition, sunlight readability and touch-panel integration are important for mobile applications. Projectors are used at large venues for public viewing. Various optical films and spatial light modulators are utilized to manipulate the light from an intense source.
