ABSTRACT
The main concern of water users and water providers is to ensure enough water of good quality. This chapter focuses on particulate residue, which is the main problem confronting current treatment plants. An emerging problem, owing to its relatively recent arrival, is the liquid waste produced by membrane filtration. The sizing of a residue handling system depends on two critical parameters. The first is the average mass of residue generated by the water treatment plant, which determines the site requirements for the ultimate disposal of the residue over the long-term. The second is the peak discharge rate of the residue, which determines the hydraulic capacity and the capital cost of the residue processing system before ultimate disposal. The average residue mass removed by sedimentation is obtained by subtracting the filtration residue from the total. It is more difficult to predict the concentration of the residue produced by dissolved air flotation.
