ABSTRACT
Drinking water treatment relies exclusively on physical-chemical processes, mediated by the addition of treatment chemicals. The proper control and management of chemicals at the treatment plant, therefore, is one of the prerequisites of professional plant operation. This chapter discusses the active ingredients in treatment chemicals, different methods to express their concentrations, accounting for impurities, ensuring the quality and safety of commercial products, dosing and inventory control for the different types of products, their safe handling and proper storage. Treatment chemicals have one or more active ingredients – the remainder of the chemical remains passively in the background. Numerous international technical standards had been developed for different treatment chemicals to ensure their quality and safety. Direct gas injection into water is an option used mostly for adding atmospheric air. Chemicals in particulate form are the most difficult to add to water.
