ABSTRACT
Eucalyptus plants are tall trees and distributed in India, China, Australia, Europe, Tasmania, and New Guinea. Eucalyptus oil is used to treat cystitis, gastritis, kidney infection, leucorrhea, malaria, pimples, wounds, skin ulcers, urethritis, and vaginitis. It is also employed as an expectorant as well as useful in bronchitis, asthma, and throat inflammations. As per southern European medicine, volatile oil is used to treat fever, neuralgic pain, asthma, and lung tuberculosis. Eucalyptus plants contain 1,8-cineole, cymene, α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, geraniol, camphene, aromadendrene, cuminaldehyde, globulol, pinocarveol, limonene, α-terpineol, eucalyptol, ϒ-terpinene, δ-terpinene, α-iinene epoxide, isoamyl isovalerate, fenchyl alcohol, α-camphdenic aldehyde, τ-pinocarveol, myrtenal, Z-carveol, δ-carvone, o-cymene 5-ol, benzyl valerate, α-gurjunene, β-gurjunene, aromadendrene, alloaromadendrene, phenethyl isovalerate, ledene, epiglobulol, ledol, viridiflorol, and eremophilene. Eucalyptus plants (Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Shigella dysenteriae, and Proteus vulgaris) have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, gastroprotective, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antiparasitic, and antimicrobial properties. This chapter discusses folklore medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological applications, and culture conditions of Eucalyptus plants.
