ABSTRACT
Humans especially value behaviors that promote the welfare of society and despise characteristics that are inadaptive. The importance of odor and sound in judging species is examined in this chapter. However, there is considerable genetically based variation among humans in regard to their reactions to the aroma of foods, and so our preferences/dislikes of many foods is often partially genetically based. Just as humans have pronounced preferences and prejudices for species, they also have different preferences for these units. In humans and some other species (notably other primates), apparently altruistic behavior occurs, individuals deliberately sharing food, either just after it has been acquired by foraging or hunting, or at meals. Human personality is complex and, of course, influences preferences and prejudices for and against pets. In the human sphere, people often are respected for some particular natural talent or acquired competence (like medical doctors), or for being rich, or having political power, or merely for possessing a gun.
