ABSTRACT
This chapter starts with a very basic and quick review of concepts of electric circuits needed to understand sensors and transducers. Sensors are defined as elements that respond to a change in conditions by changing its properties. An electrical transducer converts variations of one form of energy to variation in electrical energy. For example, a voltage divider circuit with a resistive sensor of temperature produces an output voltage related to resistance. This chapter discusses passive and active sensors using temperature as an example. In addition, this chapter provides an overview of parameter estimation by fitting non-linear models to data by transformation. These techniques are useful in design and calibration of sensors.
