ABSTRACT
Algae are a group of predominantly aquatic, photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms (excluding the prokaryotic cyanobacteria). The systemic classification of algae is based on their pigment composition. Algae are divided into two major subgroups: macroalgae and microalgae. Macroalgae are macroscopic and consist of three major groups: Chlorophyta (green macroalgae), Rhodophyta (red macroalgae), and Phaeophyta (brown macroalgae). Microalgae are microscopic and consist of Cyanophyta, also known as cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), Pyrrophyta (dinoflagellates), Chrysophyta (diatoms and golden-brown algae), and Chlorophyta. Industrial-scale technology for producing and converting algal biomass into biofuels and bioproducts has yet to emerge.
The bioeconomy encompasses biomass production and its conversion into energy and non-energy value-added products. Biorefineries are at the heart of the bioeconomy. The relationships between bioeconomy and circular economy and bioeconomy and sustainability are explained. Biological CO2 capture using algae, especially microalgae, is considered an attractive medium for recycling the excess CO2 generated by human activities. Finally, the structure of the book in eight chapters is given.
