ABSTRACT
The Science of ecology is relatively a young branch of biology which deals with interacting system of organisms and their environment. Population systems formed by assemblage of a large number of individuals of any one species interact with their environment and the ecosystems formed by interaction of assemblage of a variety of populations i.e., communities with their environment are the main structural and functional entities, studied in ecology. Ecologists seek to explain the life processes, interactions, and adaptations, the movement of materials and energy through living communities, the successional development of ecosystems and the abundance and distribution of organisms and biodiversity in the context of the environment. Later, the community aspect in ecology was introduced. Notable contributions to plant and animal communities were made by S.A. Forbes, Warning and Clements.
