ABSTRACT

Evolution is the overarching conceptual framework that unifies biology. Historically, insights into the nature of evolution were largely based on macroscopic studies of form, experimental investigation into which pairs of unlike organisms are capable of producing off-spring, and the examination of fossil remains of extinct species. The DNA and protein sequences that are frequently referred to in the context of biological information storage and expression represent only a narrow subset of information and communication transmitted within and between living organisms. Information encoded in the form of sequence does seem to hold a privileged place for cellular life forms on Earth. Dideoxy sequencing is conceptually and technically very simple, but is limited to sequencing just one DNA fragment at a time, using many identical copies of the same molecule to generate the populations of terminated chains that are separated by length.