ABSTRACT
Sensor networks typically have little or even no infrastructure. It consists of a few tens to thousands of sensor nodes. These nodes are working together to monitor and observe a region under consideration and obtain data about the environment where they are deployed. These nodes are connected through a wireless channel, so they are called wireless sensor network (WSN). Sensor networks may consist of many types of sensors such as seismic, thermal, magnetic, infrared, visual, acoustic, and radar, which are able to monitor a wide variety of ambient conditions. WSNs represent a part of military control, communications, intelligence, and surveillance systems. There are five types of WSNs. These are Terrestrial WSN, Underground WSN, Underwater WSN, Multimedia WSN and Mobile WSN. The design and development of WSNs for various applications, such as health monitoring, environmental monitoring, industrial process automation, battle fields surveillance, and seismic monitoring, have become possible owing to the rapid advances in both of wireless communications and sensor technology.
