ABSTRACT
Chapter 6 investigates tissue engineering and organ transplantation. Different body tissues or organs are susceptible to damage by congenital disease, trauma, or accidents. The self-repair mechanism of the body can regenerate or repair the damaged tissues; however, the pace of the recovery is slower and is limited to only minor damage. In case of severe damage, more complicated processes, surgery, prosthesis, drug therapy, or transplantation are required (Gorain et al. 2017). However, full restoration of the damaged tissue is difficult and the result might not be functionally or esthetically satisfactory. Transplantation of organs or tissues from donor to recipient is an emerging lifesaving technology and depending on donor and recipient organs transplantation are classified as: (1) autotransplants, that is, transplantation of tissue within same patients from one site to other (2) allotransplants, which involves transplanting tissue from one individual to another within same species, and (3) xenotransplants, which involves transfer across species barrier (Bakari et al. 2012). However, organ transplantation techniques have several constraints such as lack of the donor tissue, rejection of implanted organs by the human immune system, disruption of body function, inflammation, tumor formation, and destruction over the period.
