ABSTRACT
Energy and spectral efficiency of moderately large antenna arrays for Multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) has been compared to the single-input single-output system. Unlike point-to-point MIMO, in MU-MIMO, a base station will serve several users. The channel for uplink transmission is also known as multiple-access channel in the literature. Massive MIMO in which base station employs several hundreds to thousands of antennas and mobile users employing fewer antennas like one or two antennas is scalable. Energy and spectral efficiency of moderately large antenna arrays for MU-MIMO has been compared to the single-input single-output system. Propagation tends to be line of sight and small scale fading has minimal effect on the received signal and channel impulse response. The capacity for the downlink massive MIMO can be calculated similarly. Due to the channel hardening effect, it is possible to employ machine learning-based low complexity algorithms whose performance is comparable to maximum likelihood detection with reduced complexity.
