ABSTRACT
The main approaches for modeling multiphase flows include: Eulerian–Eulerian modeling, Lagrangian–Eulerian modeling, and Volume of fluid approach. Volume of fluid approach in which the location of the interface is tracked and the evolution of the interface is formulated in a Eulerian framework, in a Lagrangian framework, or in a combination of both. The important thing that should be considered when modeling dispersed multiphase flows is the extent of coupling between particle motion and its surroundings. The methodology for developing multiphase turbulence models for collisional particle– fluid flows were proposed by Fox and Capecelatro. Fluid hydrodynamic forces cause particle translation, while inter-particle collisions result in both translational and rotational movement. In the point-force approach, surface-averaged force based on empirical or analytical expressions is applied. The virtual mass force comes into play when there is a difference in acceleration between particles and the surrounding fluid.
