ABSTRACT
A digital image is a matrix representation of intensity or color values of pixels in the image. These values are obtained by the process of sampling and quantization. This chapter introduces the concept of digital image formation via the sampling and quantization process. The number of samples in an image and the bits used to represent the value at a pixel are very important factors that determine the quality and size of an image. A color image is generated using an additive color model or subtractive color model. Various schemes of additive and subtractive color models, such as RGB, CMY and his, are explained in this chapter. Various color models used in digital image processing are given. Relationships between pixels are very important in many applications. The concept of 4-neighbors, 8-neighbors and some other concepts related to pixel neighborhood are explained.
