ABSTRACT
An image is a collection of numerical values represented in the form of a matrix. This chapter presents some important mathematical tools which are useful in various image processing techniques. The distance function is very useful in various image processing activities. It is used for checking similarity in two images. Various commonly-used distance functions are described in this chapter. Interpolation and various transforms, such as discrete cosine transforms and wavelet transforms, are also given. Matrix operations are also very helpful in image processing. Matrix addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc., is used in various image processing activities. Some matrix operations that are useful in digital image processing are described in this chapter. An image can be represented as set of pixels and set operations can be used to perform image processing. Useful set operations are given in the chapter.
