ABSTRACT
In traditional codes the presence of a curved layout always implies the presence of a bend which ideally curves the ideal trajectory by the layout angle. The simplest model for a cavity and generally the only one used in rings dynamics consists of a kick of the total energy as a function of time. In contrast, for non-relativistic particles, it is imperative to use time. While it is true that path length and momentum form a canonical pair in magnetic simulation of nonrelativistic particles, this ceases to be true in electric elements. There are two types of effects found commonly in rings which modify the energy of a particle: electric elements and radiation. In the case of electric elements such as cavities and electric septa, which are localized, the time flight between them can be reconstructed exactly from knowledge of the total path length and the velocity of the particle traversing the magnetic elements.
