ABSTRACT
The permanent molecular dipole moment is one of the important quantities determining the extent of interaction and, controlling miscibilities. As an introduction to the behavior of bulk or macroscopic materials it is useful to briefly consider some properties at the molecular level, and in particular the electrical properties of molecules. The net energy of interaction or internal energy, U between nonbonded atoms or molecules is the result of both attractive and repulsive effects. The attractive, cohesive van der Waals interactions between molecules can be discussed in terms of these electrostatic properties, but to do so it is convenient to divide them into three types: dipole-dipole Interactions, dipole-induced dipole interactions, and induced dipole-induced dipole interactions. A molecular energy transition may take only a portion of the energy from incident radiation from a scattering process: when monoenergetic radiation interacts with molecules during the scattering process, energy is exchanged so that a spectrum of energies is produced.
