ABSTRACT
Fishways have a long history, with the earliest ones recorded almost 300 years ago in Europe. Undoubtedly, there was a realization of the need for fishways even before this, but in those earlier times, as one would expect, the problems involved in meeting this need were very poorly understood. Both fish locks and fish elevators have a shorter history than conventional fishways. On the Pacific Coast of North America, weir-type fishways with orifices through the baffles have a long history of use at dams, and much first-hand information is available from the experience gained at the many large dams on the Columbia River. There are a number of fishway installations in Central Canada and the US, mainly at water-control dams. There has been continuing interest in Denil fishways, and much experimental work has been done on this type in the laboratory. The chapter also presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in this book.
