ABSTRACT
A sine wave, or a sinusoid, refers to the spatiotemporal pattern. All sine waves have this stereotypic, wavelike, repetitive shape. However, particular sine waves can differ in terms of amplitude, frequency and phase. The symbol sin represents a function that translates location on the circle into linear location on the vertical axis. The position of the radius on the circle can be measured by the angle it makes with the positive horizontal axis, demarcated by the curved arrow. The sine of the angle between the radius and the horizontal axis can be defined more generally as the ratio of y to the length of the hypotenuse of the right triangle formed by the radius, the vertical projection, and the horizontal axis. Another very interesting property of a sine wave is that if the mathematical operation of integration is performed on it, the resulting shape is still sinusoidal.
