ABSTRACT
The linear resistor is an idealized circuit element; the voltage-current ratios of these physical devices are constant only within certain ranges of current, voltage, or power, and also depend on temperature and other external factors. A capacitor consists of two conducting surfaces separated by a thin insulating material with a very large resistance, in which electric charge may be stored. The importance of the phasor in electrical engineering lies in the fact that it is possible to define algebraic relationships between the voltage and current for each of the three passive elements instead of using differential equations. The power factor (PF) may be seen as the factor that relates the apparent power to the average power. Its importance lies in the effectiveness in which power is transferred and therefore it affects the consumption cost of electricity. A three-phase system is equivalent to three single-phase circuits because each coil of the generator can be regarded as a single-phase generator.
