ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses applications such as a power transmission shaft that combines torsion and bending. It also introduces the concept of a stress element, which offers a more general approach like might be required to analyze something as complex as this human knee joint. The chapter explores the combined normal stress resulting from the application of bending stress with either direct tensile or compressive stresses using the principle of superposition. It examines the design factor for combined normal stress, including the properties of either isotropic or nonisotropic materials. The chapter demonstrates the determination of the initial stress condition by direct calculation from the formulas for basic stresses. It also examines one type of combined stress where the point of interest is subjected only to normal stress, that is, tension or compression. The chapter also addresses special case of combined stress where combined normal and shear stresses act on the point of interest.
