ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on understanding how various temperature, lighting, or noise levels as well as the layout and design of the space impact performance. Environments increase stress on our bodies when we cannot maintain our core body temperature around 98.6°F (37°C) through the process of homeostasis. Heat exchange takes place predominantly through the skin, although it also occurs through the respiratory system. The body produces heat through metabolic activities, which is carried throughout the body by the blood. Individuals exposed to cold or hot conditions for prolonged periods show some acclimatization to the environmental conditions within 1–2 weeks. Clothing is one way to deal with either hot or cold environments. In particular, the use of head, hand, and foot coverings is essential in cold climates. Task lighting is the specific lighting required for a particular task or activity. Environmental design can be and is used in multiple settings to control or influence movement.
