ABSTRACT
This chapter covers the technical aspects of production of the various ferroalloys, the categories and types of wastes generated in the various ferroalloys production processes, and the reduction, reuse and recycling of the different types of wastes. Generally, a mixture of ferroalloy ores, fluxes and carbon reductants are charged and melted in electric furnaces equipped with carbon electrodes are used to produce bulk feralloys. Typical examples of special or noble ferroalloys include ferrovanadium, ferromolybdenum, etc. Chromium, in the form of chromium oxide, plays an undoubtedly a niche role in the production of high temperature refractory materials. Process slags play a vital role in the submerged arc smelting of chromite ores. Manganese is an essential nutrient for different microorganisms, plants and animals. Silicon is a Group IV element with relative atomic number 28.085 and exhibits a face-centred diamond cubic crystal structure. The chapter also discusses the ubiquitous industrial applications and production processes of various grades of bulk ferroalloys from their ores.
