This chapter discusses some of the technical aspects of the typical metal forming, finishing and manufacturing processes; the different waste products produced and the possible techniques and opportunities in reducing, recycling and reusing the waste materials. It includes typical processes such as the hot forming (rolling process), heat treatment, surface preparation (pickling process) and electroplating and surface coating processes. The chapter focuses on the different ferrous and non-ferrous foundry processes used in the casting of near-net components. It then discusses the different types of waste streams, their valorization opportunities and the contribution of foundry operations to a circular economy. The chapter explores in order to reduce the amount of waste produced, recycle the waste streams, as well as utilize waste streams in industries that are external to the metal manufacturing, finishing and foundry processes. It summarizes the different characteristics of recycling and utilization schemes of the waste streams from the moulding process.