ABSTRACT
This chapter provides several examples of applications of the toxin-determined functional response model (TDFRM). It considers the age of twig and the model is used to explain the observed cyclic snowshoe hare dynamics. The chapter examines the models that incorporate a predator of herbivore in the TDFRM with two plant species. Conditions for the invasion of more toxic plants into a static environment or an oscillatory environment are provided. The influence of predator control in vegetation composition on a boreal forest landscape is discussed. The chapter includes some of the results presented in as an application of the twig segment model (TSM). The TSM model attempts to simulate the effects that woody plant chemical defenses may have on boreal snowshoe hare populations, which, in winter, feed almost entirely on twigs. The chapter presents the results of Alaska experiment was conducted at the Institute of Arctic Biology, during February and March 1986 and Kluane experiment monitoring data from 1988 to 2008.
