ABSTRACT
This chapter outlines the concepts used in the design of treatment facilities for both unit operations and processes. Water treatment unit operations and unit processes are both used to provide a water supply that is free of suspended or floating substances, colloidal substances, dissolved solids, dissolved gaseous substances, immiscible liquids, such as oils and greases, substances that cause corrosion or encrustation, odor/taste/color-producing substances, pathogenic organisms, and compounds (organic or inorganic) that have an adverse effect, acute or long term, on human health. Each treatment process, whether physical, chemical, or biological or a combination thereof, is briefly described with an emphasis being placed on the design of the units, applying well-established formulae, equations, and models that are then used to develop computer programs that can aid in the various design procedures. The coarse solids are usually removed by simple screening devices.
