ABSTRACT
This chapter considers Joseph Mascelli's The Five C's of Cinematography: Motion Picture Filming Techniques. Camera angles, continuity, cutting, close-ups, and composition are all important elements to any film production including frame-by-frame animation. Rack focus is a classic live-action effect that allows the filmmaker to direct the eye of the viewer from one object or person to another object or person when they are separated by depth in the frame within a composition. An automatic camera is programmed to constantly adjust and average for the best exposure for each individual frame. There is always a preference for "prime" lenses, which are single focal range lenses. The "shift" in tilt–shift refers to when the lens plane is moved up and down or side to side and that movement is parallel to the image plane. Lighting is a real strength in photographic animation. Selective lighting can make a stop-motion animation feel larger, adding mystery and drama.
