ABSTRACT
Energy transfer and storage, in particular thermal energy, was a subject of physics until the end of the 19th century. The practical benefit of drawing a detailed physical picture of energy transfer in nature results in: a capability to predict the thermodynamic density of states (TDS) behavior and the development of new technologies for the regulation of heat transfer and conservation in engineering equipment. Energy-related practice needs quantitative assessment of the motion of energy carriers, such as electrons, ions, or phonons in open TDS, whereas motion runs from areas with a higher free energy potential to areas with a lower energy potential. The mechanisms of heat transfer described so far are typical for solid and liquid bodies functioning as a TDS medium. The oldest traditional strategy of organizing the energy exchange with a TDS is the preparation of an adiabatic envelope as an absolute energy barrier. Enthalpy storages are traditionally used in power engineering installations operating with renewable sources (RES).
