ABSTRACT
This chapter provides a detailed discussion for various neuroimaging techniques, which are used to monitor brain activity for different clinical and research applications. The comparison between various techniques is provided in terms of operating cost, resolution (temporal and spatial), and their modus operandi for recording brain activity. However, electroencephalography (EEG) is given more importance as the book is written in the context of using EEG as a neuroimaging technique for source imaging. In the EEG section, the electrode placement is defined with proper illustrations. Furthermore, various EEG rhythms, that is, alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and theta are defined with their corresponding frequency ranges, amplitudes, and occurrence during different brain states. The pre-processing steps for EEG that include artifact removal, segmentation, and filtering are discussed as well. Some of the applications of EEG are mentioned before completing the chapter in the section on EEG source analysis. In this section, the forward and inverse problems, in general, and then for brain source localization, in particular, are covered, respectively. Moreover, the categorization of algorithms used for EEG-based source localization is described, which defines the foundation for the development of such algorithms. The chapter ends by listing some of the potential applications for EEG source localization.
