ABSTRACT
Chapter 10 External Flow presents the application of the governing equations (energy and momentum), and the results of dimensional analysis to external flow. Applications of the governing equations for ideal external flow include the determination of the lift force, FL , the drag force, FD in the analysis and design of planes, cars, buildings, ships, submarines, and submerged pipes. The Eulerian (integral) approach is assumed in the application of the governing equations for external flow. This chapter provides an in depth and very detailed study of how the drag and lift coefficients vary for a given flow situation. In particular, it presents a detailed study of how the drag coefficient, CD varies with the velocity of flow, the shape of the body, and whether there is a wave action at the free surface. It also presents a detailed study of how the lift coefficient, CL varies with the shape of the body, the angle of attack, and the relative surface roughness.
