ABSTRACT
This chapter describes a number of models to understand the implications of quantized energy levels and wavefunctions the behavior of small particles, such as electrons, in nanoscale regions of space. It also describes that these models allow to powerful predictions about the properties of simple nanosystems. The chapter describes energy value of an electron confined to a well-defined region which is dictated by a quantum number. The particle’s spatial distribution can be described by the corresponding wavefunctions, again the exact distribution depending on a quantum number. Quantum confinement describes the changes that occur in atomic structure due to very small length scales in particles, usually on the order of nanometers. The changes occur because electrons are trapped in regions in which they interact with the boundaries of the system. The Schrodinger equation, also known as the Schrodinger wave equation, takes into account the wavelike nature of small particles and is completely consistent with the uncertainty principle.
